The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck

Selection Bias at the HIV-1 Transmission Bottleneck

Supplementary Materials for Selection Bias at the HIV-1 Transmission Bottleneck Jonathan M. Carlson, Malinda Schaefer, Daniela Monaco, Rebecca Batorsky, Daniel T. Claiborne, Jessica Prince, Martin J. Deymier, Zachary S. Ende, Nichole R. Klatt, Charles E. DeZiel, Tien-Ho Lin, Jian Peng, Aaron Seese, Roger Shapiro, John Frater, Thumbi Ndung’u, Jianming Tang, Paul Goepfert, Jill Gilmour, Matt A. P...

HIV transmission. Selection bias at the heterosexual HIV-1 transmission bottleneck.

Heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 typically results in one genetic variant establishing systemic infection. We compared, for 137 linked transmission pairs, the amino acid sequences encoded by non-envelope genes of viruses in both partners and demonstrate a selection bias for transmission of residues that are predicted to confer increased in vivo fitness on viruses in the newly infected, immuno...

Role of donor genital tract HIV-1 diversity in the transmission bottleneck.

The predominant mode of HIV-1 infection is heterosexual transmission, where a genetic bottleneck is imposed on the virus quasispecies. To probe whether limited genetic diversity in the genital tract (GT) of the transmitting partner drives this bottleneck, viral envelope sequences from the blood and genital fluids of eight transmission pairs from Rwanda and Zambia were analyzed. The chronically ...

HIV/AIDS Disease: Transmission Transition

HIV-1 envelope glycan moieties modulate HIV-1 transmission.

UNLABELLED The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) is heavily glycosylated, with approximately 50% of the Env molecular mass being contributed by N-glycans. HIV-1 Env N-glycans shield the protein backbone and have been shown to play key roles in determining Env structure, surface exposure, and, consequently, antigenicity, infectivity, antibody neutralization, and carbohydrate and receptor binding. Stu...